Bala Subramaniam


Bala Subramaniam headshot
  • Professor
  • Director, Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis (CEBC)
  • Dan F. Servey Distinguished Professor
  • Chemical Engineering

Contact Info

Office Phone:
Department Phone:
Learned Hall, Room 4156
1530 W. 15th Street
Lawrence, KS, KS 66045

Biography

Bala Subramaniam is the Dan F. Servey Distinguished Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Kansas (KU) and Director of the Center for Environmentally Beneficial Catalysis (CEBC), initiated in 2003 as a National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center (NSF-ERC).  Subramaniam earned a B. Tech. degree from the University of Madras (A. C. College of Technology), India, and his Master’s/Ph. D. degrees from the University of Notre Dame (working under the late Professor Arvind Varma), all in chemical engineering. He has been at KU since 1985. He has held visiting professorships at the University of Nottingham (United Kingdom), Institute of Process Engineering, ETH, Zürich (Switzerland), University of California, Davis and at his alma mater. Subramaniam has also served as the chair of KU Chemical and Petroleum Engineering (C&PE) department. He also holds a courtesy professor appointment in the KU Department of Chemistry.

Subramaniam’s primary research interests are in catalysis and reactor engineering with emphasis on developing sustainable processes for fuels and chemicals from both traditional and renewable feedstocks. His research focuses simultaneously on all aspects of a catalytic process (novel catalytic materials, solvents with unique tunability of physical and transport properties, multifunctional reactors, and sustainability assessment), exploiting the synergies among these elements to develop alternative process concepts. He has authored 280+ publications, one textbook and 36 issued patents, edited two books, presented ~200 invited talks at universities, companies, and conferences. As principal/co-principal investigator, he has developed ~$56 M in research funding from federal, state and industry sources. Subramaniam has directed the research of 85 graduate students and postdoctoral researchers, with many of them enjoying successful careers in industry and academia.

Subramaniam is the founding director of CEBC, whose mission is to develop novel, leading-edge technologies that bring about sustainable transformations in the chemical end energy industriesThe CEBC has attracted nearly $75 million in support from federal, industry and state sources. In partnership with member companies (that have included ADM, BASF Catalysts, BP, ConocoPhillips, Chevron Phillips, DuPont, Eastman Chemicals, Evonik, ExxonMobil, Invista, Johnson Matthey, Procter&Gamble, Novozymes, SABIC, SI Group, UOP & Zeachem), the CEBC is developing and providing licensing opportunities for sustainable technologies related to fuels and chemicals.  An example is CEBC’s CO2-free ethylene oxide technology that was recognized by an ACS George W. Hancock Green Chemistry Award.  Subramaniam is also a co-founder of CritiTech, Inc., a pharmaceutical company commercializing the production and application of fine-particle compounds.

As Chair of KU C&PE Department, Subramaniam led the implementation of a strategic plan with major outcomes such as establishing the first NSF ERC in Kansas, addition of several faculty lines for interdisciplinary initiatives in catalysis and bioengineering, and the mentoring of several award-winning faculty in teaching and research. These successes transformed the department to attract outstanding faculty and student talent from around the world. Between 2003 and 2015, Subramaniam chaired search committees that recruited nine C&PE faculty members.

Subramaniam serves as Executive Editor of ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. He has served on the editorial boards of several journals including Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, Chemical & Engineering Technology and Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research. He has served on several national and regional technical panels including the National Academies’ Chemical Study Committee, NSF/EPA panels on environmentally benign processing, the Midwest Biomass Research & Development Roadmap, and Schmidt Futures’ Feedstocks of the Future for a Circular U.S. Bioeconomy. He has also been on the scientific and organizing committees of several international symposia in catalysis and reaction engineering, co-chairing the 18th International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering (ISCRE-18, Chicago, 2004), the 2nd North American Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering (NASCRE-2, Houston, 2007), the 2nd and 3rd Joint India-U.S. Chemical Engineering Conference on Energy and Sustainability (Chandigarh, 2008; Mumbai, 2013) and the 2018 Gordon Research Conference on Green Chemistry (Castelldefels, Spain). Subramaniam served as the President of ISCRE, Inc. and the Great Plains Catalysis Society as well as on the Board of Directors of the Organic Reactions Catalysis Society (ORCS), the ACS Green Chemistry Institute Advisory Committee and Dow’s Technical Advisory Board.

Subramaniam has received several awards and honors including the American Chemical Society (ACS) Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fellows Award; Dow Outstanding Young Faculty Award from the American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE); a “Distinguished Catalyst Researcher” lectureship from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; “Chemcon Distinguished Speaker Award” from the Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers; and several from KU as follows: Henry Gould Award for Excellence in Engineering Education, Silver Anniversary Teaching Award, Miller Award for Research, Miller Award or Professional Service and a Higuchi Research Achievement Award, the highest research recognition in the State of Kansas. Subramaniam is a Fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Science (AAAS), American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) and the National Academy of Inventors (NAI).

Education

Specialization

  • Chemical engineering kinetics and reactor design
  • mathematical methods in chemical engineering
  • industrial development of sustainable catalytic processes
  • chemical engineering unit operations laboratories

Research

Promoting decarbonization and sustainability in the chemical industry via catalysis and reactor engineering

Catalysis: metal exchanged silicates, solid acids, homogeneous metal complexes

Reactor Engineering:  reactions in tunable media, spray reactor, membrane reactors

Sustainability assessment:  Life cycle assessment-based process development

Applications:  Chemicals and materials from emerging feedstocks such as biomass, recycled plastics and sequestered CO2.

Teaching

My major teaching interests are in the areas of chemical engineering kinetics, reactor design, and industrial development of sustainable catalytic processes.

Creative solutions to engineering problems require a sound complement of fundamental knowledge, intuition, imagination and critical thinking. I believe that a teacher has a vital role and challenge in fostering these attributes in students. My teaching methods are aimed at achieving this goal. In the theory courses, I show how engineering equations are essentially 'math-based languages' or models that aid our understanding of physical and chemical processes. I constantly encourage students to assess if the process behavior predicted by the model makes intuitive sense. Given that commercial software is invariably used for equation-solving and design purposes, it is especially essential to develop such an understanding and intuitive feel for interpreting results from computer simulations. I provide examples of how theories and equations have been used to develop engineering solutions in everyday life. In addition to traditional homework assignments that emphasize fundamentals and solution procedures, I assign two to three open-ended projects that are comprehensive in nature. These projects address industrially important problems and require students to integrate fundamental knowledge, intuition and imagination in critically analyzing and designing sustainable engineering processes that are resource-efficient (i.e., conserve feedstock and energy). I emphasize how resource-efficient technologies not only make good business sense but also are inherently green.

I believe that the laboratory courses provide a vital forum for not only reinforcing theoretical concepts but also developing essential experimental, data analysis, troubleshooting, team work and communication skills. The analysis/interpretation of experimental data form the basis for the preparation of various types of written reports (journal-type, memos, etc.) and oral presentations. Prior to each laboratory session, I require student teams to make concise presentations about their planned work and to rigorously defend their work plan. Besides providing training in oral and written communication skills, this process also helps students to solidify their understanding of theory.

Clear statement of course goals and expectations, effective lectures and notes, creating an inclusive learning environment, and challenging yet fair assignments and tests are all essential to a positive learning experience -- one that motivates students' desire to learn and to excel. My teaching methods never cease to evolve as I learn more about teaching tips and techniques from student/peer feedback.

Selected Publications

Authored book

Subramaniam, “Green Catalysis and Reaction Engineering:  An Integrated Approach with Industrial Case Studies,” Cambridge Univ Press, 2022https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139026260